Kol Adivasi
The Kol, one of the Adivasi Groups of the Jharkhand state. They are found in North Chotanagpur and Santhal Pragana division. They mostly live in the districts of Dumka, Deoghar and Giridih of Jharkhand state. The Kol tribes are divided in 12 clans as Hansda, Soren, Kisku, Marandi, Tudu, Chaunde, Hembrom, Baske, Besera, Chunair, Murmu and Kisnov.
Culture
The Kol village are situated at plain areas. Houses are erect with bamboo, and sal saplins, tied with grass ropes and thatched with straw.
Family
Kol family is Patriarchal. Family structure is nuclear as well as joint.
Marriage
The ritual of marriage generally comes in the life of all boys and girls of the the Kol, Exogamous is the usual form of marriage. For marriage Girl's family goes in search of boy.
Birth
Birth is regarded as very joyous occasion in the society of the Kol. After 3rd or 6th day of a birth of a child they organise feast which is known as "Chatthi".
Death
The Kol are aware of death reality. They know well that wherever birth there is is death. But they do not know the age and time of death, although it is pre-decided. Some die just after birth, some die in infancy, some in young age. The death during old age is taken good because it brings occasion of transformation of body and soul of a person. The dead body is buried or cremated. Only male members participate in death rituals. From the day the dead body is buried they organise "Sharad" for 10 days.
Economy
Major economic activities of the Kol is Iron Smelting, agriculture and as labour. 2 - 3% are working in Government jobs.
Religion
The Kol are very religious tribe, they follow Sarna religion and Singhonga is worshipped as a great almighty of God. They also believe in naturalism and worship natural objects like sun, river, mountain, tree, animal, birds, plants and bushes.
Political Organization
The Kol tribe does not have political career. Traditional panchayat system is prevalent in their society. The head of the families are the member and the head is called as Manjhi.
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